What type of particle is generally involved in conducting electricity?

Electrons are the type of particle primarily involved in conducting electricity because they are negatively charged and are found in the outer shells of atoms. In conductive materials, particularly metals, electrons can move freely between atoms, allowing electric current to flow when a voltage is applied. This is why metals such as copper and aluminum are commonly used as conductors; they have a high density of free electrons that can carry electric charge.

Neutrons, on the other hand, are neutral particles found in the nucleus of an atom and do not participate in electrical conduction. Protons are positively charged particles also located in the nucleus, and while they contribute to the overall charge of an atom, they are not free to move and thus do not play a direct role in the conduction of electricity. Molecules are groups of atoms bonded together, and while they can play a role in conductivity in some contexts (such as in ionic solutions), they do not conduct electricity in the same way free-moving electrons do in solid conductors.